中心粒(centriole)和中心体(centrosome)的区别

中心体和中心体都是真核细胞的组成部分，尽管它们在结构和功能上存在差异，但它们仍能适应多种不同的细胞功能。这两种成分的结构单位是微管。微管由称为微管蛋白的蛋白质亚单位组成，微管蛋白本质上是酸性的。它们是细胞骨架的重要组成部分，参与细胞器的细胞内运输、细胞迁移和有丝分裂过程中染色体的分离。中心体与中心体的主要区别在于，中心体被认为是一种细胞器，而中心体不是一种细胞器。本文较详细地讨论了中心体与中心体的区别。

什么是中心粒(centriole)？

Centriole is a key feature of eukaryotic cells and also found in most protists. However, plant and fungi cells lack centrioles. A centriole is made up of 9 triplets of microtubules arranging to form a cylindrical structure. A centriole is about 500 nm long and 200 nm in diameter. Centrioles are replicated during the S phase of cell cycle. Moreover, they form the basal body of flagella and cilia, which are important for the locomotion of cells. However, the structure of the centriole which makes the basal body is quite different; the wall is formed from nine sets microtubules with each set containing 2 microtubules, and two microtubules in the middle (9+2 arrangement).

什么是中心体(centrosome)？

Centrosome is an organelle found in the cytopla** and located usually close to the nucleus. An amorphous mass of protein called pericentriolar material (PCM) is found around the centrosomes and is resp***ible for the nucleation of microtubule and anchoring. It is made up of two centrioles oriented at right angles to each other. The centrioles are replicated during the S phase of the cell cycle. During the ***et of mitosis, two daughter centrioles start to move apart while forming the filaments of microtubules called mitotic spindle, which segregates the chromosomes into two sets. Surprisingly, recent studies found that centrosomes are not required for the progression of mitosis. The other important roles of centrosome include the formation of the cytoskeleton and releasing the signals to initiate the cytokinesis and cell cycle. It is found that cancer cells often have more than a normal number of centrosomes.

什么是中心体与中心体的区别(the difference centriole and centrosome)？

中心粒和中心体的定义

中心粒：中心粒是动物细胞中靠近细胞核的一对微小的圆柱形细胞器中的每一个，参与细胞分裂过程中梭形纤维的发育。

中心体：中心体可以定义为靠近细胞核的一种细胞器，其中含有中心粒（在动物细胞中）。

中心粒和中心体的特征

结构

中心粒：中心粒由9个微管组成，排列成圆柱形结构。

中心体：中心体由两个彼此成直角的中心粒组成。

功能

中心粒：功能包括鞭毛和纤毛的基本体的形成，以及中心体的形成。

中心体：功能包括有丝分裂过程中纺锤体的形成、细胞骨架的形成以及释放启动胞质分裂和细胞周期的信号。