在英语语法中,片段是一组以大写字母开头,以句号、问号或感叹号结尾但语法不完整的单词。也称为句子片段、无动词句和小句。尽管在传统语法中,片段通常被视为语法错误(或标点符号错误),但专业作家有时会使用它们来产生强调或其他文体效果。
“用于其文体效果的句子片段不是教师用边缘“frag”标记的那种;这些片段通常是标点错误的结果,通常是作为完整句子标点的从句。但有经验的作家知道如何有意有效地使用片段——名词短语或动词短语,可以添加没有完整句子的细节,总是引起注意。”(玛莎·科伦,“修辞语法”,艾琳和培根,1999)“由于‘句子片段’一词带有贬义联想,让我使用‘次要句子’一词。次要句子是任何不包含至少一个独立从句的标点句。”(詹姆斯·阿拉蒂斯,“语言、交流和社会意义”,乔治敦大学出版社,1992年)
“一般来说,在正式写作和大学写作中最好避免使用句子片段。但是,重要的是要意识到,好的作家确实会少用片段。
"[The peacock] shook itself, and the sound was like a deck of cards being shuffled in the other room. It moved forward a step. Then another step. -From Raymond Carver, 'Feathers'"(David Blakesley和Jeffrey L.Hoogeveen,《汤姆森手册》,汤姆森,2008)“句子片段是一个伪装成完整句子的不完整句子。一个句子必须包含一个主语和一个动词。如果其中一个元素缺失,则为片段,如下例所示:
Alice is busy tonight. Working on her French essay.“要更正此句段,请将其附加到前一句,并用逗号替换句点:
Alice is busy tonight, working on her French essay."(德里克·索莱斯,“学术写作要点”,第二版,沃兹沃思,2010年)
...片段与表格形式的运行 6. 摘要 什么是句子片段(a sentence fragment)? 句子片断是不完整句子的另一个名称。其实,这其实不是一句话,只是一串字。这是因为句子的一个必要组成部分缺失,一个句子片段无法传达完整的思想。例如...
当你要写学术论文时,知道如何造出一个复杂的句子是非常重要的。这并不一定意味着知道如何造一个复杂的句子对其他人没有用处;它对每个人都有用。当你的文章只包含简单的句子时,你所表达的东西的质量有时会...
...更简单的句子把它们分开。 实例和意见 "Use the loose sentence for its easy conversational effect." — Fred Newton Scott, The New Composition-Rhetoric, 1911 "At its simplest, the loose sentence contains a main clause plus a subordinate construction: We must be wary of conclus...
...e to slice cleanly between the two. You're writing, you change a word in a sentence, write three sentences more, then back up a clause to change that semicolon to a dash; or you edit a sentence and a new idea suddenly spins out from a word change, so you write a new paragraph where until that moment...
...an Watkins解释道: There can be levels of complexity within complex sentences. Within a dependent clause, for instance, there can be another dependent clause. For example, in the following sentence there is a main clause..., a dependent clause in an adverbial relationship with the main clause...
...phrase that we would emphasize automatically in any natural reading of the sentence." —From "The Philosophy of Punctuation." Opera, Sex, and Other Vital Matters by Paul Robinson, University of Chicago Press "Think of italics as butterflies that might swoop across the page, allow them to flit ...
... In one column on a piece of paper, list the opening words in each of your sentences. Then decide if you need to vary some of your sentence beginnings. - In another column, identify the number of words in each sentence. Then decide if you need to change the lengths of some of your sentences. - In a ...
平衡句是由长度、重要性和语法结构大致相同的两部分组成的句子,如肯德基的广告口号:“买一桶鸡肉,享受一桶乐趣”。与松散句相比,平衡句是由从句层次上的成对结构组成的。 托马斯·凯恩(Thomas Kane)在《新牛津写...
...简洁的写作时,“少即是多” "Don't use any extra words. A sentence is like a machine; it has a job to do. An extra word in a sentence is like a sock in a machine."—From "Notes for Young Writers" by Annie Dillard 问问自己是否有偏离主题的章节、要点、示例或段...
...腊语,“解释,讲述”形容词:短语。 实例和意见 "Sentences can be divided into groups of words that belong together. For instance, in the nice unicorn ate a delicious meal, the, nice, and unicorn form one such group, and a, delicious, and meal form another. (We all know thi...