人类的感官有五到二十一种,这取决于被问到的人以及他们如何定义一种感官,但人们普遍认为五种感官是最小的。基本的五种感官是触觉、味觉、嗅觉、视觉和听觉。有些人选择在列表中增加四种感官,包括温度感、疼痛感、平衡感和体位感。
目前,没有关于什么构成感觉的具体定义,但一般来说,感觉是由特定感觉器官检测到的感知手段;例如,眼睛是让人看的器官,耳朵是让人听的器官。有时感官是同时被感知的;例如,大多数人看到和听到与他们交谈的人。
人们通过触摸、品尝、嗅、看、听周围的事物来了解世界是很常见的;通过这种方式,感官是理解新概念和获取知识的手段。在某些情况下,一个人可能无法使用一种或多种人类感官,例如,当一个人失明或失聪时。通常,在这种情况下,一种不同的感觉会被提升,以弥补缺乏的感觉;因此,如果一个人看不见,他可能会听得非常清楚。
除了众所周知的五感之外,许多研究者还包括饥饿和口渴;然而,这是有争议的,因为没有检测饥饿或口渴的特定器官。直觉有时也被视为一种感觉,这一点也受到质疑,因为人类的思想不是直接从现实中获取数据,而是从它们所连接的感觉器官的组合中获取数据。
... Some creatures cannot see different colours except black and white. But, humans identify different colors in the visible range. The human retina has approximately 6 million cone cells and 120 million rod cells. Cones are the agents resp***ible for sensing colour. There are different photoreceptors ...
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