什么是锡安长老的礼仪?(the protocols of the elders of zion?)

《锡安长老议定书》或《锡安议定书》是一部伪造的文学作品,它宣扬了所谓的犹太阴谋以实现世界统治。自1903年第一次在俄罗斯报纸上发表报道以来,学者们一直将其视为反犹太主义的恶作剧。锡安长老会的协议在1905年获得了更广泛的声名,当时它被自封为神秘主义者Serge Nilus的一本关于反基督者的书第二版所收录。...
Hasidic man praying at the Kotel (Wailing Wall).

《锡安长老议定书》或《锡安议定书》是一部伪造的文学作品,它宣扬了所谓的犹太阴谋以实现世界统治。自1903年第一次在俄罗斯报纸上发表报道以来,学者们一直将其视为反犹太主义的恶作剧。锡安长老会的协议在1905年获得了更广泛的声名,当时它被自封为神秘主义者Serge Nilus的一本关于反基督者的书第二版所收录。

Nazis relied on "The Protocols of the Elders of Zion" as propaganda.

《锡安长老议定书》是以第一人称书写的,以犹太复国主义长老的视角进行书写。它向犹太复国主义者同伴们传授阴谋控制世界金融机构和利用大众媒体力量的方法或协议。文本中引用的协议包括酗酒和物质主义等社会问题,因此将其呈现为精心策划的情节的结果。这本书的摘录抄袭了法国讽刺作家莫里斯·乔利1864年的一本书,书名为《马基雅维利与孟德斯鸠(马基雅维利与孟德斯鸠之间的地狱对话)》
.

The “Protocols of Zion” is propaganda distributed under the Palestinian National Authority, and accepted by The Charter of Hamas.

也被称为“光明会协议”、“犹太人的危险”、“协议与世界革命”和“反对基督王权的战争”,锡安长老的协议由各种匿名编辑采用了几种不同的标题,并根据不同的反犹太主义议程进行了定制。1905年俄国革命后,这些协议被用来宣传阴谋论,即布尔什维克运动是所谓犹太人统治世界阴谋的一部分。分发的协议出版物上经常印有威胁性的神秘符号,如反基督者的标记“INRI”,或标签行“因此我们会赢”
.

1919年,《锡安长老议定书》的英文译本摘录(现在称为“红色圣经”)发表在费城公共分类账上。该文本以布尔什维克主义宣言的形式呈现,所有提及所谓犹太作者的地方都被省略了。1920年,《锡安长老议定书》的第一个英文版在伦敦出版,标题为“犹太人的危险”,分五版出售。也是在1920年,工业巨头亨利·福特赞助出版了50万册;福特还经营一家反犹太主义期刊《迪尔伯恩独立报》;。

1921年,《伦敦时报》记者菲利普·格雷夫斯(Philip Graves)揭露了该协议是莫里斯·朱莉(Maurice Joly)的《地狱中马基雅维利和孟德斯鸠的对话》和德国反犹主义者赫尔曼·戈德什(Hermann Goedsche)的小说《比亚里茨》(Biaritz)的抄袭反布尔什维克的俄罗斯流亡者弗拉基米尔·伯采夫在其1938年出版的《锡安长老的协议:经证实的伪造品》一书中再次将这些协议暴露为文学伪造品。尽管被揭穿,但协议仍然被视为真实的,并在20世纪30-40年代被纳粹用作宣传材料,作为德国学生的必备学习材料。。

《锡安长老议定书》继续作为真确文本传播到新千年。该协议在叙利亚、土耳其和日本畅销;伊朗反犹太主义公共电视纪录片的基础;在巴勒斯坦民族权力机构下分发的教科书中被视为事实;并被哈马斯宪章正式接受。

  • 发表于 2022-01-16 04:21
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