什么是通孔？(a through hole?)
通孔是任何穿过某物的孔，无论是用手工工具或精密机械铣削或钻孔。最常见的类型是用于印刷电路板（PCB）制造的电镀孔。镀通孔使电信号更容易沿着PCB传输，但如果要用于安装其他硬件，则不必镀通孔。
这些孔用于将各种组件安装到电路板上，例如电容器或任何类型的插入管脚的组件。在通孔焊接过程中，这些零件的端部连接到PCB底部的焊盘上，这是一种熔融金属焊接过程，涉及波峰焊接或回流焊接设备的使用。这种类型的安装是有益的，因为由此产生的机械结合比表面安装等其他技术更牢固。。
由于需要钻孔，通孔设计确实会导致更昂贵的电路板，并且它限制了用于布线信号迹线的PCB总面积。对于多层板，这是一个问题，因为孔穿过所有层。将孔放得太近可能会造成信号如何从电路板一端传输到另一端的问题。
PCB上的通孔必须具有各种其他组件，以确保信号的完整性不受影响。捕捉板位于板的外层或内层，位于孔的外侧，将迹线连接到电镀通孔，以便连接到其他组件。其他元件包括一个比孔阴影大的铜环，称为环形环，即通孔穿过电路板每一层的位置。完成的孔直径定义了实际钻孔的大小，而钻孔直径反映了孔加镀铜的大小，与占用的电路板空间相比。。
PCB制造商使用计算机辅助设计（CAD）软件精确建模和创建每个通孔。在本软件中，孔、捕获垫、钻孔尺寸和镀层称为垫堆栈。这些元件采用复杂的计算进行设计，以确保电路正确制造，并按预期运行。
- 发表于 2022-01-29 20:35
- 阅读 ( 155 )
- 分类：科学
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