CFPB的一份新报告称，在新冠疫情期间，一些抵押贷款贷款人未能遵守有关抵押贷款暂缓的法律。放款人误导借款人的权利，实施未经授权的处罚，并错误地驱逐房客。以下是你需要知道的，以及如何报告一个不道德的贷款人。

了解你作为借款人的权利

《护理法》要求，如果你声称因新冠肺炎而陷入财务困境，那么在2021年3月31日之前，完全冻结支付。联邦支持贷款的借款人选择进入暂缓期，可以从申请之日起最多360天暂停付款，包括利息或罚款（这不适用于私人贷款，但许多银行自愿提供180天的付款减免）。

此外，该法律与拜登总统最近发布的一项行政命令一起规定，止赎和与止赎相关的驱逐行动必须暂停至2021年3月31日。CARES法案还包括在获得救济的情况下扣留负面信用报告的规定。

如何申请暂缓

这一部分很简单：你只需要问你的贷款方（如果你通过电话声称自己是一个宽容的人，那么最好得到一份书面记录，或者至少记下笔记）。值得一提的是，传闻证据表明，贷款人通常也不会要求提供困难的证据。

不要被你的贷款人误导

既然你知道自己的权利，确保你的贷款人没有违反规则。根据银行利率，这方面的示例包括：

• Dragging out the processing of forbearance requests. In some cases, servicers were slow to process requests for forbearance, the CFPB says. This led some borrowers to miss payments and suffer hits to their credit scores.
• Putting borrowers in forbearance without their knowledge. In other cases, they thought they were simply perusing information about forbearance on a servicer’s website, or discussing financial struggles with representatives on the phone. Those borrowers did not understand that they had applied for, or that the servicer would process, a forbearance.
• Errant collection notices. The CARES Act promised borrowers they wouldn’t have to worry about mortgage payments for six months to a year. However, some servicers sent notes informing borrowers in forbearance that their accounts were past due, and that they could face late fees and dings to their credit scores. These notices “may result in confusion for c***umers enrolled in CARES Act forbearances,” the CFPB said.
• Misleading statements about lump-sum payments. The CARES Act doesn’t require borrowers to pay a large sum for missed payments after forbearance ends. Instead, the borrower resumes monthly payments. However, the CFPB says, some servicers told borrowers they’d need to make lump sum payments to cover all missed monthly payments when forbearance ended.

如何投诉

首先，直接联系你的贷款人或贷款服务商，因为他们能够最快地解决你的问题（特别是如果事情相对较小，可能只是一个错误，比如拖延请求处理时间太长）。

如果这不起作用，或者您认为您的贷款人故意规避《关怀法案》规定的法律，请联系消费者金融保护局（CFPB），在此处提出投诉。CFPB将代表您寻求解决方案（大多数公司将在15天内回复投诉）。