什么是贝灵格的意义？(the significance of beringia?)
白令海峡是现今白令海峡周围的一个大区域，与海平面比现在低200米（656英尺）的时候有关，当时有一座巨大的陆桥将亚洲和北美洲连接在一起。 在其最大范围内，这座陆桥从北到南大约有1000英里（1600公里）。 白令海峡 "一词是指该地区大片的苔原，在大约22000年至16000年前被小批游牧人类殖民。
大约1.9万年前是最后一次冰川期，这一时期大陆冰川覆盖了欧亚大陆北部和北美的大部分地区。 白令谷当时能够居住的唯一原因是位于东部的阿拉斯加山脉严重冰川化，吸收了该地区的大部分降雪，形成了一个 "雪影"，阻止了冰川在白令谷苔原的形成。
现代人的基因测试和人类学证据表明，在最后一次冰川期，一个人类种群与白令牙地区的亚洲祖先隔离了至少5000年。 在这段时间里，整个白令牙地区将成为该地区动植物的生态避难所，否则这些动植物将由于冰川的推进而被赶到南方或被消灭。 有一段时间，白令牙可能实际上被一堵冰川墙所包围，阻止了任何东西进入或出去。
在白令谷遗留的遗址中发现了箭头、石斧、雕刻的骨头以及人类和驯养的狗的残骸，尽管大多数有趣的遗址可能被淹没了。 人类能够在这种寒冷的气候中生存数千年是非常了不起的。 他们必须与低温和洞穴鬣狗等敌对动物抗争，它们与人类争夺洞穴场所，可能捕食年轻人、老年人和/或弱者。 阿拉斯加最早的人类居住证据与洞穴鬣狗的局部灭绝是同时发生的，导致一些科学家推测，洞穴鬣狗阻止人类在冰河融化时向东和进入北美。
- 发表于 2022-02-09 13:48
- 阅读 ( 46 )
- 分类：科学
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