我的电脑如何知道安装了哪种ram？

现代电脑做的事情太多了，我们都习以为常，但有时偷看一下引擎盖下的东西，看看每件事是如何工作的，这是很有趣的。今天我们将调查您的计算机如何准确地知道您安装了何种类型和数量的RAM。...

我的电脑如何知道安装了哪种ram？

现代电脑做的事情太多了，我们都习以为常，但有时偷看一下引擎盖下的东西，看看每件事是如何工作的，这是很有趣的。今天我们将调查您的计算机如何准确地知道您安装了何种类型和数量的RAM。

今天的问答环节是由SuperUser提供的，SuperUser是Stack Exchange的一个分支，是一个由社区驱动的问答网站分组。

问题

超级用户读者Celeritas想知道他的电脑是如何即时检测到内存的：

How can Mac OS X tell what kind of RAM is in the machine? For example I was working on one that had DDR3 RAM @ 1600MHz and I thought it wasn’t possible to know the RAM without physically opening the case and looking at it.How can this be done on other systems?

显然，让操作系统知道它可以访问什么类型的RAM是非常有用的，但是它通过什么机制来确定这些信息呢？

答案

我的电脑如何知道安装了哪种ram？

SuperUser contributor UltraSawBlade提供了以下解释：

RAM sticks have a **all chip on them called the Serial Presence Detect, which contains information such as capacity, preferred timings, manufacturer, and even a serial number.

SPD information is accessible by OSes using the i2c bus (which also includes things like temperature sensors). I think you can directly read the SPDs from Linux using various i2c utilities.

This image from the Wikipedia article has a good picture of it [seen above].

其他贡献者提供了最终用户自己访问i2c信息的方法。AthomSfere写道：

On Windows:

wmic memoryChip get /?

Will give you various RAM information you can ask for right from the command prompt.

For example,

wmic memorychip get serialnumber

Gives you the serial number. You can also use Speed, Model sometimes, Manufacturer and more.

WMI is the Windows method of querying SMBIOS data. Apple, Linux, Windows and anyone else who wants to run on most hardware made needs to support SMBIOS at some level, for different reas***.

You can use SMBIOS (e.g. through WMI or WMIC in Windows) to also gather hard drive information, network information (is it a 10/100 or 10/100/1000 card?).

To take it one step further, every manufacturer has a code for MAC addresses on NICs. RAM also has a manufacturers code. So all you have to do to get their code, for example my 2 x2GB in this laptop are 830B, is build a database for the manufacturers (830B might be one brand and then resold too!) and also what models mean what. That is how CPUz works I believe—basic queries and a really complete and current database.

有关如何在Windows、Linux和osx机器**问此信息的更多示例，请查看此处的所有贡献者响应。

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