猫脂类病是一种以猫肝脏中脂肪累积为特征的疾病。由于积聚,肝脏无法正常工作。如果不治疗,这种疾病可能致命。
猫科动物脂肪沉积最常见的是由于营养不良和肥胖。如果肝脏因毒素或代谢而受损,也可能导致这种情况。有时导致猫科动物脂肪沉积的常见疾病包括心脏病、糖尿病、癌症、肾病、胰腺炎、甲状腺机能亢进、慢性上呼吸道疾病和猫科动物下尿路疾病。尽管如此,半数的脂类病病例没有已知的病因。
对于那些有患脂类病风险的猫,比如那些肥胖和高龄的猫,压力通常会触发其发展和症状。这种压力可能是饮食变化、环境变化或细菌感染的结果。患有脂类病的猫通常表现出缺乏食欲和抑郁。
如果您的猫在几天或几周内食欲下降,通常最好咨询您的兽医。如果猫体重明显减轻,这一点尤为重要。许多猫科动物也会经历肌肉萎缩、黄疸和偶尔呕吐。有些猫也会由于脂肪沉积而患上脑病。在这种情况下,猫可能会显得昏昏欲睡和严重抑郁。
为了诊断脂类病,兽医必须首先进行体检,以确定肝脏是否出现肿大。为了验证扩大的肝脏,兽医还可以进行x光和超声波检查。兽医还将进行化学测试,即血液测试,以确定猫的SAP、ALT或AST酶是否升高。这些酶中任何一种的升高都可能表明脂质沉积。为了对脂类病做出最终诊断,兽医必须进行活组织检查。
如果一只猫被诊断为脂多病,有多种技术可以解决这种情况。改变猫的饮食,包括高蛋白质和高热量的食物,是帮助猫恢复体重的必要条件。猫也可以服用药物来刺激食欲,或喂电解质以防止脱水。如果猫不吃东西,可能需要喂食管。在这种情况下,管插入猫的胃。
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