關鍵區別——加入與批准
加入和批准是條約和協定中經常使用的兩個術語。這兩個詞都表示一方同意受條約約束。但是,加入和批准之間有法律上的區別。加入只是一個正式的協議,不在簽署之前,而批准是在簽署之前的正式協議。因此,這一簽署過程是加入和批准之間的關鍵區別。
入盟意味著什麼?
Accession is an act by which a state signifies its agreement to be legally bound by the terms of a particular treaty. Here, the state accepts the opportunity or offer to become a party to a treaty that is already negotiated and signed by the other states. This usually occurs after the treaty has entered into force. Hence, accession is not preceded by an act of signature. However, accession has the same legal effect as ratification. The formal procedure involving accession varies based on the national legislative requirements of the State.
批准是什麼意思?
批准是一國表示一項協議受某一條約條款的法律約束的行為。加入和批准之間的主要區別是簽字行為;批准之後總是有簽字行為。批准的過程包括國家首先簽署條約,然後履行其國家立法要求。
雙邊條約的批准是通過交換強制性文書來實現的;對於多邊條約,通常的程序是由保存人收集所有國家的批准書,並隨時通知所有締約國。
加入(accession)和批准(ratification)的區別
簽字行為:
加入之前沒有簽字。
批准前有簽字。
但是,加入和批准具有相同的效力。
條約:
加入是指已經生效的條約。
批准意味著該國對一項條約感興趣,但該條約仍未生效。