以将她的故事改编成电影和戏剧而闻名，包括《安娜与暹罗国王》、《国王与我》

日期：1834年11月5日至1914/5年1月19日职业：作者也被称为：安娜·哈里特·克劳福德·莱昂诺文斯

许多人相当间接地了解安娜·莱昂诺文斯的故事：通过1944年小说的电影和舞台版本，这部小说是根据安娜·莱昂诺文斯自己的混音改编的，于19世纪70年代出版。这些回忆发表在两本书《暹罗宫廷的英国家庭教师》和《后宫的浪漫》中，它们本身就是安娜几年生活的高度虚构版本。

莱昂欧文斯出生于印度（她声称是威尔士人）。她六岁时，父母把她留在英国一所由亲戚开办的女子学校。她的父亲是一名陆军中士，在印度被杀，安娜的母亲直到15岁才回来接她。当安娜的继父试图把她嫁给一个年纪大得多的男人时，安娜搬进了一个牧师的家，并和他一起旅行。（一些消息来源称牧师已婚，其他消息来源称他单身。）

安娜随后嫁给了一名陆军职员托马斯·莱昂·欧文斯或莱昂·欧文斯，并随他移居新加坡。他死了，留下她在贫困中抚养他们的女儿和儿子。她在新加坡为英国军官的子女开办了一所学校，但失败了。1862年，她在曼谷、当时的暹罗和现在的泰国担任国王子女的家教，把女儿送到英国居住。

拉玛四世国王或蒙古特国王遵循传统，有很多妻子和孩子。虽然安娜·莱昂诺文斯很快就因其在暹罗/泰国现代化中的影响力而受到赞誉，但很显然，国王决定聘请一名具有英国背景的家庭教师或家教，已经是这种现代化的开始。

1867年，当列昂诺文斯离开暹罗/泰国时，也就是Mongkut去世的前一年。她在1870年出版了第一卷《回忆》，两年后又出版了第二卷。

安娜·莱昂诺文斯移居加拿大，在那里她开始参与教育和妇女问题。她是新斯科舍艺术与设计学院的主要组织者，并积极参与地方和全国妇女理事会。

莱昂欧文斯在教育问题上是一位进步人士，是奴隶制的反对者和妇女权利的支持者，但她也很难超越其背景和成长过程中的帝国主义和种族主义。

也许是因为她的故事实际上是西方唯一一个从个人经历说起暹罗宫廷的故事，它继续吸引着人们的想象力。20世纪40年代以她的生活为基础的小说出版后，尽管泰国不断抗议其中的不准确之处，该故事还是被改编成了舞台剧和后来的电影。

参考文献

• 暹罗宫廷的英国家庭女教师：安娜·莱昂诺文斯，1999年。（最初出版于1870年。）
• 《后宫恋情》：安娜·莱昂诺文斯，苏珊·摩根主编。1991（最初出版于1872年。）
• 安娜和暹罗国王：玛格丽特·兰登，由玛格丽特·艾耶尔插图。1999（最初发表于1944年。）
• 安娜·莱昂诺文斯：《超越国王和我的生活》：莱斯利·史密斯·道，1999年。
• 蒙面：暹罗宫廷女教师安娜·莱昂诺文斯的一生：阿尔弗雷德·哈贝格。2014
• 孟买安娜：国王和我的真实故事和非凡冒险家庭教师：苏珊·摩根。2008
• 卡蒂亚与暹罗王子：艾琳·亨特，1995年。Mongkut国王的孙子和妻子（Phitsanukprachanat和Ekaterina Ivanovna Desnitsky）的传记。

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莱昂欧文斯著作的当代评论

该公告发表于1871年2月《女性知识库》第7卷第2期第页。154表达的观点是原作者的，而不是本网站的指南。

The narrative of "The English Governess at the Siamese Court" abounds in curious details of court life, and describes the manners, customs, climate, and productions of the Siamese.  The author was engaged as instructress to the children of the Siamese monarch.  Her book is extremely entertaining.

该公告发表在《陆上月刊》和《西部》杂志上，第6卷，第3期，1871年3月，第293ff页。表达的观点是原作者的，而不是本网站的专家的。这份通知让人感觉到安娜·莱昂诺文斯的作品在她自己的时代受到了欢迎。

The English Governess at the Siamese Court: Being Recollections of Six Years in the Royal Palace at Bangkok. By Anna Harriette Leonowens. with Illustrations from Photographs presented to the Author by the King of Siam. Boston: Fields, Osgood & Co. 1870. There are no longer any penetralia anywhere. The private life of the most sacred personages is turned inside out, and bookwrights and newspaper correspondents penetrate everywhere. If the Grand Lama of Thibet still secludes himself within the Snowy Mountains, 'tis but for a season. For curiosity of late has cunning grown, and at its own good pleasure spies out the secrecy of every life. This may be Byron adapted to a modern subject, but it is neverheless true. After the New York newspapers have "interviewed" the Japanese Mikado, and have drawn pen-pictures (from the life) of the Brother of the Sun and Moon, who rules the Central Flowery Kingdom, there does not appear to be much of any thing left for the ubiquitous and unconquerable book-making observer. The mystery which has for ages surrounded the existence of Oriental potentates has been the last refuge of falsehood, fleeing from indomitable curiosity. Even this has gone at last -- rude hands having torn away the tantalizing curtains which concealed the dread arcana from the eyes of the profane world -- and sunlight has streamed in upon the astonished inmates, blinking and cowering in their nakedness among the gaudy shams of their languid existence. Most remarkable of all these exposures is the simple and graphic story of the life which an English governess led for six years in the palace of the Supreme King of Siam. Who would have thought, years ago, when we read of the mysterious, gilded, jeweled palaces of Bangkok, the royal train of white elephants, the awe-inspiring paraphernalia of P'hra parawendt Maha Mongkut -- who would have thought that all these splendors would be uncovered for us, just as a new Asmodeus might take the roofs off the gilded temples and harems, and expose all the wretched contents? But this has been done, and Mrs. Leonowens, in her fresh, lively way, tells us of all she saw. And the sight is not satisfactory. Human nature in a pagan palace, burdened though it may be with a royal ceremonial and covered with jewels and silk attire, is a few shades weaker than elsewhere. The swelling domes, crusted with barbaric pearl and gold, worshiped at a distance by the awe-struck subjects of the mighty ruler, cover as much lying, hypocrisy, vice and tyranny as may have been found in the palaces of Le Grande Monarque in the days of the Montespans, the Maintenons, and the Cardinals Mazarin and De Retz. Poor humanity does not vary much, after all, whether we find it in a hovel or castle; and it is edifying to have the truism so often and abundantly fortified by evidence from the four corners of the globe. The English governess at the Court of Siam had marvelous opportunities for seeing the whole domestic and interior life of royalty in Siam. An instructor of the King's children, she came to be on familiar terms with the august tyrant who holds the lives of a great nation in his hand. A woman, she was permitted to penetrate into the secret recesses of the harem, and could tell all that was fit to tell of the life of the multitudinous wives of the oriental despot. So we have all the minutia of the Siamese Court, not tediously drawn out, but graphically sketched by an observant woman, and charming from its novelty, if nothing more. There is, too, a touch of sadness in all she says of the poor women who languish out their lives in this splendid misery. The poor child-wife of the King, who sang a scrap of "There is a Happy Land, far, far away;" the concubine, beaten on the mouth with a slipper -- these, and all others like them, are the sombre shadows of the interior life of the royal abode. We close the book, heartily glad that we are not subjects of his Golden-Footed Majesty of Siam.

这一公告发表在1873年4月的《普林斯顿评论》上。378表达的观点是原作者的，而不是本网站的专家的。这份通知让人感觉到安娜·莱昂诺文斯的作品在她自己的时代受到了欢迎。

The Romance of the Harem. By Mrs. Anna H. Leonowens, Author of "the English Governess at the Siamese Court." Illustrated. Boston: J. R. Osgood & Co. The remarkable experiences of Mrs. Leonowens at the Court of Siam are related with simplicity and in an attractive style. The secrets of an Oriental Harem are exposed with fidelity; and they reveal wonderful incidents of passion and intrigue, of treachery and cruelty; and also of heroic love and martyr-like endurance under most inhuman tortures. The book is full of matters of painful and tragical interest; as in the narratives about Tuptim, the Tragedy of the Harem; the Favorite of the Harem; the Heroism of a Child; Witchcraft in Siam, etc. The illustrations are numerous and generally very good; many of them are from photographs. No recent book gives so vivid a description of the interior life, customs, forms and usages of an Oriental Court; of the degradation of women and the tyranny of man. The author had unusual opportunities for becoming acquainted with the facts she records.