你可能已经习惯了老师对你的写作进行评估。奇怪的缩写词（“AGR”、“REF”、“AWK！”），页边空白处的评论，论文结尾的分数——这些都是讲师用来确定他们认为你工作的优点和缺点的方法。这样的评估可能很有帮助，但不能代替深思熟虑的自我评估*

作为作者，你可以评估撰写论文的整个过程，从提出主题到修改和编辑草稿。另一方面，您的讲师通常只能评估最终产品。

良好的自我评价既不是辩护，也不是道歉。相反，这是一种让你更加意识到自己在写作时经历了什么，以及经常遇到什么麻烦（如果有的话）的方法。每次完成一个写作项目后，写一份简短的自我评估应该会让你更加意识到自己作为一名作家的优势，并帮助你更清楚地了解自己需要掌握哪些技能。

最后，如果你决定与写作老师或导师分享你的自我评价，你的评论也可以指导你的老师。通过了解你的问题所在，他们可能会在评估你的工作时提供更多有用的建议。

所以，在你完成下一篇作文后，试着写一篇简明的自我评价。以下四个问题应该可以帮助您入门，但请随意添加这些问题未涉及的评论。

自我评价指南

写这篇论文的哪一部分花了最多的时间？

也许你很难找到一个话题或表达一个特定的想法。也许你为一个单词或短语而苦恼。回答这个问题时要尽量具体。

什么是你的初稿和最终版本之间最大的区别是什么(the most significant difference between your first draft and this final version)？

解释你是否改变了主题的方法，是否以任何重要的方式重新组织了论文，或者是否添加或删除了任何重要的细节。

你认为你论文最好的部分是什么？

解释为什么一个特定的句子、段落或想法让你高兴。

本文的哪一部分还有待改进？

再次强调，要具体。论文中可能有一个令人烦恼的句子，或者一个想法没有表达得像你希望的那样清晰。

*教师须知

正如学生需要学习如何有效地进行同行评议一样，如果这一过程值得，他们也需要进行自我评估的实践和培训。考虑一下Betty Bamberg对Richard Beach研究的总结。

In a study specifically designed to investigate the effect of teacher comment and self-evaluation on revision, Beach ["The Effects of Between-Draft Teacher Evaluation Versus Student Self-Evaluation on High School Students' Revising of Rough Drafts" in Research in the Teaching of English, 13 (2), 1979] compared students who used a self-evaluation guide to revise drafts, received teacher responses to drafts, or were told to revise on their own. After analyzing the amount and kind of revision that resulted with each of these instructional strategies, he found that students who received teacher evaluation showed a greater degree of change, higher fluency, and more support in their final drafts than students who used the self-evaluation forms. Moreover, students who used the self-evaluation guides engaged in no more revising than those who were asked to revise on their own without any assistance. Beach concluded the self-evaluation forms were ineffective because students had received little instruction in self-assessment and were not used to detaching themselves critically from their writing. As a result, he recommended that teachers "provide evaluation during the writing of drafts" (p. 119). (Betty Bamberg, "Revision." Concepts in Composition: Theory and Practice in the Teaching of Writing, 2nd ed., ed. by Irene L. Clarke. Routledge, 2012)

大多数学生需要在写作过程的不同阶段进行几次自我评估，然后才能轻松地“批判性地脱离”自己的写作。无论如何，自我评价不应被视为教师和同龄人深思熟虑的回应的替代品。