有更多的证据表明facebook会让你感到孤独

11个月前，Facebook发表了我当时称之为其历史上最非凡的博客文章：承认在某些情况下，使用社交媒体会让你对自己感觉更糟。这篇文章是基于对该平台最近学术研究的调查，调查发现某些形式的无意识的拇指滚动可能会让人疏远。...

11个月前，Facebook发表了我当时称之为其历史上最非凡的博客文章：承认在某些情况下，使用社交媒体会让你对自己感觉更糟。这篇文章是基于对该平台最近学术研究的调查，调查发现某些形式的无意识的拇指滚动可能会让人疏远。

Facebook提出的解决方案不是减少社交媒体的使用，而是以不同的方式使用。接下来的一年是一系列旨在让人们更“积极”地使用Facebook的步骤——增加评论数量，同时减少新闻提要中专业出版商的故事和视频数量。

迄今为止，关于这一主题的后续研究很少发表。但在周末，我读了一篇关于这一问题的新研究：“不再使用FOMO：限制社交媒体可以减少孤独和抑郁。”该研究将发表在12月版的《社会与临床心理学杂志》上。《科学日报》告诉我们它是如何运作的：

Each of 143 participants completed a survey to determine mood and well-being at the study’s start, plus shared shots of their iPhone battery screens to offer a week’s worth of baseline social-media data. Participants were then randomly assigned to a control group, which had users maintain their typical social-media behavior, or an experimental group that limited time on Facebook, Snapchat, and Instagram to 10 minutes per platform per day.

For the next three weeks, participants shared iPhone battery screenshots to give the researchers weekly tallies for each individual. With those data in hand, Hunt then looked at seven outcome measures including fear of missing out, anxiety, depression, and loneliness.

根据该研究，减少社交网站时间的参与者在抑郁和孤独感方面有显著的统计学降低。对照组没有报告有改善。

该研究的作者将此作为一个里程碑。他们的研究得出结论：

The results from our experiment strongly suggest that limiting social media usage does have a direct and positive impact on subjective well-being over time, especially with respect to decreasing loneliness and depression. That is, ours is the first study to establish a clear causal link between decreasing social media use, and improvements in loneliness and depression. It is ironic, but perhaps not surprising, that reducing social media, which promised to help us connect with others, actually helps people feel less lonely and depressed.

这项研究的主要作者，心理学家梅丽莎G。亨特告诉《科学日报》，她不建议人们停止使用社交媒体。但她说，限制是有帮助的。

一位发言人告诉我：“Facebook没有参与这项研究，但我们的团队正在努力更好地了解有关技术和幸福的研究。”我们希望人们在Facebook上的时间是有意义的和积极的，并且正在构建考虑到人们福祉的工具，以便他们能够更好地管理自己的体验。我们致力于继续这项工作，为每个人建立安全和支持性的社区。”

在花在应用程序上的时间问题上，该公司可以说已经投降了。为了响应“花时间好”的运动，该公司今年早些时候自愿引入了应用程序内屏幕时间限制(无论如何，它宣布了这些限制。苹果和谷歌控制着Facebook的主要分销渠道，它们也推出了自己的屏幕时间管理功能。

虽然这项研究发现有证据表明社交媒体的使用会让我们感到沮丧，但它没有提供任何关于原因的想法。亨特在采访中提出了一些理论，主要是认为看到别人的幸福会与我们自己的经历产生负面比较。但如果我们想更好地理解如何管理与社交网络的关系，我们需要更好地理解这些机制。现在知道社交媒体常常让我们感到孤独似乎是天经地义。知道为什么感觉是重要的下一步。

更新，下午6:01：这篇文章已经更新，包括来自Facebook的评论。

民主

特朗普关于选民欺诈的最新说法在现实中毫无根据

总统试图通过反复在推特上发布毫无根据的选民欺诈指控来破坏对中期选举的信心。我觉得这一切都非常令人震惊。Jane Lytvynenko带我们走过它：

Since Thursday, Trump sent seven tweets about the election, baselessly making claims like, “Trying to STEAL two big electi*** in Florida!” and “Rick Scott was up by 50,000+ votes on Election Day, now they ‘found’ many votes and he is only up 15,000 votes.” Although most of his tweets focused on Broward County in Florida, they echoed the c***piratorial thinking of falsehoods that spread online.

超过50个国家，但不是美国，签署了网络安全协议

试着从乔·乌希尔那里想象出一个合乎逻辑的解释，简而言之：

French President Emmanuel Macron released an international agreement on cybersecurity principles Monday as part of the Paris Peace Forum. The original signatories included more than 50 nati***, 130 private sector groups and 90 charitable groups and universities, but not the United States, Russia or China.

俄罗斯黑客基本上跳过了期中考试，没有人真正知道原因

我不确定是否可以像达斯汀·沃尔兹和罗伯特·麦克米兰那样公平地说，俄罗斯“基本上跳过了中期选举”。他们正在开展一场在线影响力宣传活动，Facebook也不断删除与之相关的页面。但是：

Voting largely came and went without major incident, according to U.S. officials and cybersecurity companies looking for evidence of Russian interference.

Several factors may have reduced Moscow’s impact. Clint Watts, a senior fellow with the Foreign Policy Research Institute, said the diffuse nature of congressional and state races makes them a harder target than a single presidential election.

Facebook对抗选举干扰的秘密武器：**

莎拉·弗里尔（Sarah Frier）、塞琳娜·王（Selina Wang）和艾莉莎·塞贝尼乌斯（Alyza Sebenius）报道说，Facebook与执法部门的关系越来越密切，部分原因是外国干涉我们选举的威胁。感觉这可能是一把双刃剑：

Now, communication lines have started to open between Facebook and federal agencies including the Department of Homeland Security and the Federal Bureau of Investigation, according to the company. Facebook also established relati***hips with state election boards, so it could be alerted to problems as they occurred. Those connecti*** are likely to strengthen ahead of the 2020 presidential election, when foreign interest in election manipulation may be higher. Twitter Inc., too, has strengthened its relati***hip with federal law enforcement agencies, seeking to protect against foreign influence.

YouTube首席执行官称欧盟提议的版权监管在财务上是不可能的

YouTube首席执行官Susan Wojcicki对欧盟提议的版权指令第13条有更多的发言。在这篇专栏文章中，她警告说，如果通过，它将剥夺互联网上“绝望”的音乐视频

“This video contains multiple copyrights, ranging from sound recording to publishing rights,” Wojcicki wrote. “Although YouTube has agreements with multiple entities to license and pay for the video, some of the rights holders remain unknown. That uncertainty means we might have to block videos like this to avoid liability under article 13. Multiply that risk with the scale of YouTube, where more than 400 hours of video are uploaded every minute, and the potential liabilities could be so large that no company could take on such a financial risk.”

Facebook将让法国监管机构研究其打击仇恨言论的努力

托尼·罗姆（Tony Romm）和詹姆斯·麦考利（James McCauley）报告称，在一次新颖的合作中，Facebook邀请法国监管机构与该公司合作，研究其如何调节内容：

Under a six-month arrangement announced on Monday, French investigators will monitor Facebook’s policies and tools for stopping posts and photos that attack people on the basis of race, ethnicity, religion, sexuality or gender. From there, aides to French President Emmanuel Macron hope to determine “the necessary regulatory and legislative developments” to fight online hate speech, a government official said.

In recent months, France and its fellow European countries have adopted a much harder line against Facebook and its social-media peers, demanding they police their platforms more aggressively to stop a range of digital ills — including c***piracy theories, fake news and terrorist propaganda. Macron pressed Facebook chief executive Mark Zuckerberg on the issue when the two met in Paris earlier this year.

菲律宾称将起诉批评杜特尔特的资深记者

大约一年前，我第一次写玛丽亚·雷萨，在劳伦·埃特的故事中，她被描写得非常漂亮，故事讲述了菲律宾**如何利用社交媒体骚扰持不同政见者。经营新闻初创公司Rappler的雷萨现在面临着十年监禁，罪名是捏造的逃税指控。这对自由新闻界来说将是一场灾难——希望她和说唱歌手能够击败这些指控。

为什么Facebook解雇了一名高管？提示：这与特朗普有关

这个关于帕默·勒基被解雇的故事在周末引起了轰动。但从我自己和其他人的报道中，我能说的最好的是，勒基被解雇与他的政治无关，更多的是因为他在资助反克林顿迷因方面向Facebook高管撒谎。

在别处

Facebook周一倒闭，用户纷纷涌向Twitter

Facebook一直在为我守候，但显然你们中的很多人都在挣扎。

创建Snapchat Discover的高管即将离开公司

这是Snap的另一个不祥之兆：尼克·贝尔，他负责探索。我一直觉得Discover的表现不佳，但尤其糟糕的是，Bell会在公司推出第一批原创节目时离开。

Snap的前二号执行官伊姆兰·汗正在建立一家购物创业公司

值得注意的是，考虑到Snap最近在Snapchat中加入了许多商业元素，Khan正在转向电子商务。

Facebook首席执行官马克·扎克伯格因数据失误而名誉受损

一项新的哈里斯民意调查发现，消费者对Facebook的信任度很低：

Facebook is the least trustworthy of all major tech companies when it comes to safeguarding user data, according to a new national poll conducted for Fortune, highlighting the major challenges the company faces following a series of recent privacy blunders.

Only 22% of Americans said that they trust Facebook with their personal information, far less than Amazon (49%), Google (41%), Microsoft (40%), and Apple (39%).

布鲁克林的学生举行**，**Facebook设计的在线课程

上个月，纽约写了一篇关于家长**Summit Learning的文章。Summit Learning是Facebook倡导的个性化学习课程(该公司已向该项目捐赠了工程师。）苏珊·埃德尔曼报道，现在纽约一所高中也加入了反对阵营：

Brooklyn teens are protesting their high school’s adoption of an online program spawned by Facebook, saying it forces them to stare at computers for hours and “teach ourselves.”

Nearly 100 students walked out of classes at the Secondary School for Journali** in Park Slope last week in revolt against “Summit Learning,” a web-based curriculum designed by Facebook engineers, and bankrolled by CEO Mark Zuckerberg and his wife Priscilla Chan.

“我希望人们会说我疯了”：大屠杀期间，千橡树枪击案发生在Instagram上

这是一个极其黑暗的故事，讲述了千橡树枪击犯在Instagram上杀人的故事：

“Fact is I had no reason to do it, and I just thought… life is boring so why not,” the gunman wrote on Instagram,

我每天得到6000美元的报酬，为Instagram写鼓舞人心的名言。下面是我如何完善这份理想工作的

劳拉·贝尔格雷（Laura Belgray）在这里写道，她向客户收取每小时950美元的费用，为他们编写鼓舞人心的Instagram副本。

推特再次将可疑用户从关注人数中剔除，归咎于该漏洞

据Paresh Dave报道，Twitter在周五删除了数百万个可疑账户。

Twitter’s own account fell by 7.8 million followers in July but gained back 2.36 million by mid-October. It lost 2.4 million on Friday, according to Social Blade.

YouTube视频持续增长以推动广告收入

Emma Grey Ellis写道，今天观看最多的YouTube视频持续20分钟或更长时间，这是YouTube推荐算法随着时间推移推广更长视频的结果：

The simplest explanation for these swelling run times is straightforward business. As a new study from the Pew Research Center dem***trates, YouTube has been quietly shifting its recommendation system to reward lengthy videos. YouTube’s algorithm is famously opaque. So to reverse-engineer it, Pew researchers took more than 170,000 “random walks” through YouTube over a period of six weeks, letting the site’s recommendati*** be their guide. They ended up watching over 300,000 unique videos, but just two patterns emerged in the recommended video’s statistics: First, the recommendation algorithm drove viewers toward more and more popular creators. But the researchers also noticed that YouTube’s recommendati*** c***istently increased in length: At first, they were nine and a half minutes, then 12, then 15.

从缅甸到德国，社交媒体的再造效应

我很喜欢与《****》的马克斯·费舍尔（Max Fisher）进行的问答，他谈到了为什么他与翻译阿曼达·塔布（Amanda Taub）合作撰写了一份出色的时事通讯，转而报道社交媒体(它的最新版本，关于中期选举对我们民主的健康意味着什么，也被强烈推荐。）

Even after reporting with Amanda Taub on algorithm-driven violence in Germany and Sri Lanka, I didn’t quite appreciate this until I turned on Facebook push alerts this summer. Right away, virtually every gadget I owned started blowing up with multiple daily alerts urging me to check in on my ex, even if she hadn’t posted anything. I’d stayed away from her page for months specifically to avoid training Facebook to show me her posts. Yet somehow the algorithm had correctly identified this as the thing likeliest to make me click, then followed me across continents to ensure that I did.

It made me think of the old “Terminator” movies, except instead of a killer robot sent to find Sarah Connor, it’s a sophisticated set of programs ruthlessly pursuing our attention. And exploiting our most human frailties to do it.

发射

LinkedIn在纽约和旧金山开始测试事件工具

LinkedIn实际上只是慢动作的Facebook。

YouTube VR今天为Oculus Go发布

Adi Robertson在9月份宣布计划后写道，YouTube今天将在Oculus Go移动虚拟现实耳机上推出其曾经的白日梦专属虚拟现实应用程序。

Facebook门户需要更多。至少它刚刚添加了YouTube

YouTube现在可以在门户网站上获得。

拿

让人民投票

David Leonhardt写道，美国终于有了一场****：

Last week, ballot initiatives to improve the functioning of democracy fared very well. In Florida — a state divided nearly equally between right and left — more than 64 percent of voters approved restoring the franchise to 1.4 million people with felony convicti***. In Colorado, Michigan and Missouri, measures to reduce gerrymandering passed. In Maryland, Michigan and Nevada, measures to simplify voter registration passed. “In red states as well as blue states,” Chiraag Bains of the think tank Demos says, “voters overwhelmingly sent the message: We’re taking our democracy back.”