非裔美国人方言英语（AAVE）是许多非裔美国人所说的美国英语的一种变体。它被称为许多其他名称，有时是冒犯性的，包括非裔美国人英语、黑人英语、黑人英语方言、埃博尼克语、黑人方言、非标准黑人英语、黑人谈话、Blaccent或Blackcent。

AAVE起源于美国南部的种植园，在那里非洲人民被奴役工作，它与美国英语的南部方言有许多共同的语音和语法特征。

许多非裔美国人在AAVE和标准美式英语中使用两种方言。与此复杂主题相关的几个概念包括：

• 非裔美国人的修辞
• 删除
• 代码转换
• 方言偏见
• 双舌
• 双连接词
• 几十个
• 装假
• 民族方言
• 不变Be
• 复分解
• 负协和
• 系列动词
• 表示
• 主语辅助倒装句（SAI）
• 西非洋泾浜英语
• 零Copula与零所有格

实例和意见

"In line with evolving trends within the larger community, linguists use 'African American English' instead of 'Black English' (or even older terms like 'Non-Standard Negro English') for the English of African Americans, a continuum of varieties ranging from the most mainstream or standard speech (like Bryant Gumbel's, virtually indistinguishable from the formal speech of white and other Americans), to the most vernacular or non-mainstream variety. It was to focus on this latter variety that Labov (1972) first started referring to it as 'Black English vernacular.' African American Vernacular English is simply the most recent variety of that term, the one most widely used among linguists..." "The term 'Ebonics,' which was first coined in 1973 by a 'group of Black scholars...from ebony (black) and phonics (sound, the study of sound) (R. Williams, 1975)...is regarded by many if not most linguists as very similar if not identical to AAVE in terms of the features and varieties it designates."

（里克福德，“非洲裔美国人的方言英语”）

"[C]ontributing to the evolution of American English was the migration of Blacks from the South after the Civil War to urban areas of the north. They took their southern speech patterns with them, including all of the linguistic forms that had been incorporated into the grammatical structure of speech among slaves. Unlike most white immigrants to urban centers, who eventually adopted local dialects, Blacks generally remained isolated in impoverished ghettos and as a result, retained their dialect. This physical isolation contributed to linguistic isolation and the maintenance of African American vernacular English (AAVE). The retention of unique linguistic forms, racism, and educational apartheid have since led to numerous misconceptions of this dialect."

（Baugh，“奴隶之口：非裔美国人的语言和教育弊端”）

aave的两个组成部分

"It is proposed that AAVE consists of two distinct components: the General English [GE] component, which is similar to the grammar of OAD [Other American Dialects], and the African American [AA] component. These two components are not tightly integrated with each other, but follow internal patterns of strict co-occurrence... The AA component is not a complete grammar, but a subset of grammatical and lexical forms that are used in combination with much but not all of the grammatical inventory of GE."

（拉博夫，“非裔美国人英语中的共存系统”）

aave的起源

"On one level, the origin of African American English in the USA will always be a matter of speculation. Written records are sporadic and incomplete, and open to interpretation; demographic information about language use is also selective and largely anecdotal. Furthermore, great variation was exhibited in the speech of Africans when they were first brought to the 'New World' and to colonial America, as indicated in references to Black speech in slave advertisements and court records (Brasch, 1981). It is also indisputable that English-lexifier Creole languages developed and continue to flourish in the African diaspora—from coastal West Africa to coastal North America—and that the middle passage for some Africans brought to colonial America included exposure to these creoles (Kay and Cary, 1995; Rickford, 1997, 1999; Winford, 1997). Beyond these acknowledgments, however, the origin and status of early African American speech has been and continues to be vigorously disputed."

（Wolfram，“非裔美国人英语的发展”）

来源

• 从奴隶的口中：非裔美国人的语言和教育弊端。德克萨斯大学，1999。
• 拉波夫，威廉。”《非裔美国人英语的结构》，Salikoko S。Mufwene等人，Routledge，1998年，第110-153页。
• 非裔美国人方言英语：特点、演变、教育意义。布莱克威尔，2011年。
• 沃尔夫拉姆、沃尔特和埃里克R。托马斯：“非裔美国人英语的发展”。第一版，威利·布莱克威尔，2002年。